From Newsgroup: comp.lang.python

As you all have seen on my intro post, I am in a project using Python
(which I'm learning as I go) using the wikimedia API to pull data from wiktionary.org. I want to parse the json and output, for now, just the definition of the word.

Wiktionary is wikimedia's dictionary.

My requirements for v1

Query the api for the definition for table (in the python script).
Pull the proper json
Parse the json
output the definition only

What's happening?

I run the script and, maybe I don't know shit from shinola, but it
appears I composed it properly. I wrote the script to do the above.
The wiktionary json file denotes a list with this character # and
sublists as ## but numbers them

On Wiktionary, the definitions are denoted like:

1. blablabla
1. blablabla
2. blablablablabla
2. balbalbla
3. blablabla
1. blablabla


I wrote my script to alter it so that the sublist are letters

1. blablabla
a. blablabla
b. blablabla
2. blablabla and so on
/snip

At this point, the script stops after it assesses the first line_counter
and sub_counter. The code is below, please tell me which stupid mistake
I made (I'm sure it's simple).

Am I making a bad approach? Is there an easier method of parsing json
than the way I'm doing it? I'm all ears.

Be kind, i'm really new at python. Environment is emacs.

import requests
import re

search_url = 'https://api.wikimedia.org/core/v1/wiktionary/en/search/page' search_query = 'table'
parameters = {'q': search_query}

response = requests.get(search_url, params=parameters)
data = response.json()

page_id = None

if 'pages' in data:
for page in data['pages']:
title = page.get('title', '').lower()
if title == search_query.lower():
page_id = page.get('id')
break

if page_id:
content_url =
f'https://api.wikimedia.org/core/v1/wiktionary/en/page/
{search_query}'
response = requests.get(content_url)
page_data = response.json()
if 'source' in page_data:
content = page_data['source']
cases = {'noun': r'\{en-noun\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'verb': r'\{en-verb\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'adjective': r'\{en-adj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'adverb': r'\{en-adv\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'preposition': r'\{en-prep\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'conjunction': r'\{en-con\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'interjection': r'\{en-intj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'determiner': r'\{en-det\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'pronoun': r'\{en-pron\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)'
#make sure there aren't more word types
}

def clean_definition(text):
text = re.sub(r'\[\[(.*?)\]\]', r'\1', text)
text = text.lstrip('#').strip()
return text

print(f"\n*** Definition for {search_query} ***")
for word_type, pattern in cases.items():
match = re.search(pattern, content, re.DOTALL)
if match:
lines = [line.strip() for line in
match.group(1).split('\n')
if line.strip()]
definition = []
main_counter = 0
sub_counter = 'a'

for line in lines:
if line.startswith('##*') or line.startswith('##:'):
continue

if line.startswith('# ') or line.startswith('#\t'):
main_counter += 1
sub_counter = 'a'
cleaned_line = clean_definition(line)
definition.append(f"{main_counter}. {cleaned_line}")
elif line.startswith('##'):
cleaned_line = clean_definition(line)
definition.append(f"   {sub_counter}. {cleaned_line}")
sub_counter = chr(ord(sub_counter) + 1)

if definition:
print(f"\n{word_type.capitalize()}\n")
print("\n".join(definition))
break
else:
print("try again beotch")

Thanks,

Daniel
--- Synchronet 3.20a-Linux NewsLink 1.114

From Newsgroup: comp.lang.python

On 8/28/2024 5:09 PM, Daniel via Python-list wrote:

As you all have seen on my intro post, I am in a project using Python
(which I'm learning as I go) using the wikimedia API to pull data from wiktionary.org. I want to parse the json and output, for now, just the definition of the word.

Wiktionary is wikimedia's dictionary.

My requirements for v1

Query the api for the definition for table (in the python script).
Pull the proper json
Parse the json
output the definition only

What's happening?

I run the script and, maybe I don't know shit from shinola, but it
appears I composed it properly. I wrote the script to do the above.
The wiktionary json file denotes a list with this character # and
sublists as ## but numbers them

On Wiktionary, the definitions are denoted like:

1. blablabla
1. blablabla
2. blablablablabla
2. balbalbla
3. blablabla
1. blablabla

I wrote my script to alter it so that the sublist are letters

1. blablabla
a. blablabla
b. blablabla
2. blablabla and so on
/snip

At this point, the script stops after it assesses the first line_counter
and sub_counter. The code is below, please tell me which stupid mistake
I made (I'm sure it's simple).

Am I making a bad approach? Is there an easier method of parsing json
than the way I'm doing it? I'm all ears.

Be kind, i'm really new at python. Environment is emacs.

import requests
import re

search_url = 'https://api.wikimedia.org/core/v1/wiktionary/en/search/page' search_query = 'table'
parameters = {'q': search_query}

response = requests.get(search_url, params=parameters)
data = response.json()

page_id = None

if 'pages' in data:
for page in data['pages']:
title = page.get('title', '').lower()
if title == search_query.lower():
page_id = page.get('id')
break

if page_id:
content_url =
f'https://api.wikimedia.org/core/v1/wiktionary/en/page/
{search_query}'
response = requests.get(content_url)
page_data = response.json()
if 'source' in page_data:
content = page_data['source']
cases = {'noun': r'\{en-noun\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'verb': r'\{en-verb\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'adjective': r'\{en-adj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'adverb': r'\{en-adv\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'preposition': r'\{en-prep\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'conjunction': r'\{en-con\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'interjection': r'\{en-intj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'determiner': r'\{en-det\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)',
'pronoun': r'\{en-pron\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)'
#make sure there aren't more word types
}

def clean_definition(text):
text = re.sub(r'\[\[(.*?)\]\]', r'\1', text)
text = text.lstrip('#').strip()
return text

print(f"\n*** Definition for {search_query} ***")
for word_type, pattern in cases.items():
match = re.search(pattern, content, re.DOTALL)
if match:
lines = [line.strip() for line in
match.group(1).split('\n')
if line.strip()]
definition = []
main_counter = 0
sub_counter = 'a'

for line in lines:
if line.startswith('##*') or line.startswith('##:'):
continue

if line.startswith('# ') or line.startswith('#\t'):
main_counter += 1
sub_counter = 'a'
cleaned_line = clean_definition(line)
definition.append(f"{main_counter}. {cleaned_line}")
elif line.startswith('##'):
cleaned_line = clean_definition(line)
definition.append(f"   {sub_counter}. {cleaned_line}")
sub_counter = chr(ord(sub_counter) + 1)

if definition:
print(f"\n{word_type.capitalize()}\n")
print("\n".join(definition))
break
else:
print("try again beotch")

You need to check at each part of the code to see if you are getting or producing what you think you are. You also should create a text
constant containing the JSON input you expect to get. Make sure you can process that. Start simple - one main item. Then two main items. Then
two main items with one sub item. And so on.

I'm not sure what you want to produce in the end but this seems awfully complex to be starting with. Also you aren't taking advantage of the structure inherent in the JSON. If the data response isn't too big, you
can probably take it as is and use the Python JSON reader to produce a
Python data structure. It should be much easier (and faster) to process
the data structure than to repeatedly scan all those lines of data with regexes.

--- Synchronet 3.20a-Linux NewsLink 1.114

From Newsgroup: comp.lang.python

On 29/08/24 10:32, Thomas Passin via Python-list wrote:

On 8/28/2024 5:09 PM, Daniel via Python-list wrote:

As you all have seen on my intro post, I am in a project using Python
(which I'm learning as I go) using the wikimedia API to pull data from
wiktionary.org. I want to parse the json and output, for now, just the
definition of the word.

Wiktionary is wikimedia's dictionary.

My requirements for v1

Query the api for the definition for table (in the python script).
Pull the proper json
Parse the json
output the definition only

You need to check at each part of the code to see if you are getting or producing what you think you are.  You also should create a text
constant containing the JSON input you expect to get.  Make sure you can process that.  Start simple - one main item.  Then two main items.  Then two main items with one sub item.  And so on.

I'm not sure what you want to produce in the end but this seems awfully complex to be starting with.  Also you aren't taking advantage of the structure inherent in the JSON.  If the data response isn't too big, you can probably take it as is and use the Python JSON reader to produce a Python data structure.  It should be much easier (and faster) to process the data structure than to repeatedly scan all those lines of data with regexes.

Good effort so far!


Further to @Thomas: the code does seem to be taking the long way around!
How can we illustrate that, and improve life?


The Wiktionary docs at https://developer.wikimedia.org/use-content/
discuss how to use their "Developer Portal". Worth reading!

As part of the above, we find the "API:Data formats" page (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Data_formats) which offers a simple example (more simple than your objectives):

api.php?action=query&titles=Main%20page&format=json

which produces:

{
"query": {
"pages": {
"217225": {
"pageid": 217225,
"ns": 0,
"title": "Main page"
}
}
}
}

Does this look like a Python dict[ionary's] output to you?

It is, (more discussion at the web.ref)
- but it is wrapped into a JSON payload.

There are various ways of dealing with JSON-formatted data. You're
already using requests. Perhaps leave such research until later.


So, as soon as "page_data" is realised from "response", print() it (per
above: make sure you're actually seeing what you're expecting to see). Computers have this literal habit of doing what we ask, not what we want!

PS the pprint/pretty printer library offers a neater way of outputting a "nested" data-structure (https://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html).


Thereafter, make as much use of the returned dict/list structure as can.
At each stage of the 'drilling-down' process, again, print() it (to make
sure ...)


In this way the code will step-through the various 'layers' of data-organisation. That observation and stepping-through of 'layers' is
a hint that the code should (probably) also be organised by 'layer'! For example, the first for-loop finds a page which matches the search-key.
This could be abstracted into a (well-named) function.

Thus, you can write a test-harness which provides the function with some sample input (which you know from earlier print-outs!) and can ensure
(with yet another print()) that the returned-result is as-expected!

NB the test-data and check-print() should be outside the function.
Please take these steps as-read or as 'rules'. Once your skills expand,
you will likely become ready to learn about unit-testing, pytest, etc.
At which time, such ideas will 'fall into place'.


BTW/whilst that 'unit' is in-focus: how many times will the current code compute search_query.lower()? How many times (per function call) will "search_query" be any different from previous calls? So, should that computation be elsewhere?
(won't make much difference to execution time, but a coding-skill:
consider whether to leave computation until the result is actually
needed (lazy-evaluation), or if early-computation will save unnecessary repeated-computation)


Similarly, 'lift' constants such as "cases" out of (what will become) functions and put them towards the top of the script. This means that
all such 'definition' and 'configuration' settings will be found
together in one easy-to-find location AND makes the functional code
easier to read.


Now, back to the question: where is the problem arising? Do you know or
do you only know that what comes-out at the end is
unattractive/unacceptable?

The idea of splitting the code into functions (or "units") is not only
that you could test each and thereby narrow-down the location of the
problem (and so that we don't have to read so much code in a bid to
help) but that when you do ask for assistance you will be able to
provide only the pertinent code AND some sample input-data with expected-results!
(although, if all our dreams come true, you will answer your own question!)


OK, is that enough by way of coding-tactics (not to mention the
web-research) to keep you on-track for a while?
--
Regards,
=dn
--- Synchronet 3.20a-Linux NewsLink 1.114

From Newsgroup: comp.lang.python

On Wed, 28 Aug 2024 22:09:56 +0100, Daniel wrote:

if definition:
print(f"\n{word_type.capitalize()}\n")
print("\n".join(definition))
break

I don't know if that was intended but the 'break' kicks you out of

for word_type, pattern in cases.items():

I added a little debugging to show the cases iteration and commented out
the break. 'noun' has five lines and appears to be correct. 'verb' has
two lines, neither of which match the if/else. The others aren't in the return from https://api.wikimedia.org/core/v1/wiktionary/en/page/table.

I have to admit I sometimes miss C where I can bounce between curlies.

Output:

python wiki.py

*** Definition for table ***

word_type noun pattern: \{en-noun\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)
line }
line # Furniture with a top surface to accommodate a variety of uses.
line ## An item of [[furniture]] with a [[flat]] [[top]] [[surface]]
raised above the ground, usually on one or more legs.
line ##: ''Set that dish on the '''table''' over there, please.''
line ##*

Noun

1. Furniture with a top surface to accommodate a variety of uses.
   a. An item of furniture with a flat top surface raised above the
ground, usually on one or more legs.

word_type verb pattern: \{en-verb\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)
line }
line #

word_type adjective pattern: \{en-adj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type adverb pattern: \{en-adv\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type preposition pattern: \{en-prep\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type conjunction pattern: \{en-con\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type interjection pattern: \{en-intj\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type determiner pattern: \{en-det\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)

word_type pronoun pattern: \{en-pron\}(.*?)(?=\{|\Z)
--- Synchronet 3.20a-Linux NewsLink 1.114

From Newsgroup: comp.lang.python

On 8/28/2024 8:07 PM, dn via Python-list wrote:

On 29/08/24 10:32, Thomas Passin via Python-list wrote:

On 8/28/2024 5:09 PM, Daniel via Python-list wrote:

As you all have seen on my intro post, I am in a project using Python
(which I'm learning as I go) using the wikimedia API to pull data from
wiktionary.org. I want to parse the json and output, for now, just the
definition of the word.

Wiktionary is wikimedia's dictionary.

My requirements for v1

Query the api for the definition for table (in the python script).
Pull the proper json
Parse the json
output the definition only

You need to check at each part of the code to see if you are getting
or producing what you think you are.  You also should create a text
constant containing the JSON input you expect to get.  Make sure you
can process that.  Start simple - one main item.  Then two main
items.  Then two main items with one sub item.  And so on.

I'm not sure what you want to produce in the end but this seems
awfully complex to be starting with.  Also you aren't taking advantage
of the structure inherent in the JSON.  If the data response isn't too
big, you can probably take it as is and use the Python JSON reader to
produce a Python data structure.  It should be much easier (and
faster) to process the data structure than to repeatedly scan all
those lines of data with regexes.

Good effort so far!

Further to @Thomas: the code does seem to be taking the long way around!
How can we illustrate that, and improve life?

The Wiktionary docs at https://developer.wikimedia.org/use-content/
discuss how to use their "Developer Portal". Worth reading!

As part of the above, we find the "API:Data formats" page (https:// www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Data_formats) which offers a simple example
(more simple than your objectives):

api.php?action=query&titles=Main%20page&format=json

which produces:

{
  "query": {
    "pages": {
      "217225": {
        "pageid": 217225,
        "ns": 0,
        "title": "Main page"
      }
    }
  }
}

Does this look like a Python dict[ionary's] output to you?

It is, (more discussion at the web.ref)
- but it is wrapped into a JSON payload.

To give more detail:

import json
from pprint import pprint

DATA = """{
"query": {
"pages": {
"217225": {
"pageid": 217225,
"ns": 0,
"title": "Main page"
}
}
}
}"""

data_dict = json.loads(DATA)
pprint(data_dict)

Easy. If you have a really big file it can be fearfully slow so it may
or may not be a good approach for this problem.

Or you could parse out the data with JSONpath (which I have never used
but it's the right kind of approach):

https://pypi.org/project/jsonpath-ng/

Another possibility: JMESPath:

https://python.land/data-processing/working-with-json/jmespath

These kind of approaches also handle the parsing for you and help in constructing queries.

There are various ways of dealing with JSON-formatted data. You're
already using requests. Perhaps leave such research until later.

So, as soon as "page_data" is realised from "response", print() it (per above: make sure you're actually seeing what you're expecting to see). Computers have this literal habit of doing what we ask, not what we want!

PS the pprint/pretty printer library offers a neater way of outputting a "nested" data-structure (https://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html).

Thereafter, make as much use of the returned dict/list structure as can.
At each stage of the 'drilling-down' process, again, print() it (to make sure ...)

In this way the code will step-through the various 'layers' of data- organisation. That observation and stepping-through of 'layers' is a
hint that the code should (probably) also be organised by 'layer'! For example, the first for-loop finds a page which matches the search-key.
This could be abstracted into a (well-named) function.

Thus, you can write a test-harness which provides the function with some sample input (which you know from earlier print-outs!) and can ensure
(with yet another print()) that the returned-result is as-expected!

NB the test-data and check-print() should be outside the function.
Please take these steps as-read or as 'rules'. Once your skills expand,
you will likely become ready to learn about unit-testing, pytest, etc.
At which time, such ideas will 'fall into place'.

BTW/whilst that 'unit' is in-focus: how many times will the current code compute search_query.lower()? How many times (per function call) will "search_query" be any different from previous calls? So, should that computation be elsewhere?
(won't make much difference to execution time, but a coding-skill:
consider whether to leave computation until the result is actually
needed (lazy-evaluation), or if early-computation will save unnecessary repeated-computation)

Similarly, 'lift' constants such as "cases" out of (what will become) functions and put them towards the top of the script. This means that
all such 'definition' and 'configuration' settings will be found
together in one easy-to-find location AND makes the functional code
easier to read.

Now, back to the question: where is the problem arising? Do you know or
do you only know that what comes-out at the end is unattractive/ unacceptable?

The idea of splitting the code into functions (or "units") is not only
that you could test each and thereby narrow-down the location of the
problem (and so that we don't have to read so much code in a bid to
help) but that when you do ask for assistance you will be able to
provide only the pertinent code AND some sample input-data with expected-results!
(although, if all our dreams come true, you will answer your own question!)

OK, is that enough by way of coding-tactics (not to mention the web- research) to keep you on-track for a while?

--- Synchronet 3.20a-Linux NewsLink 1.114