Hamilton C shell Substitution Modifiers


Substitution modifiers can be applied to any command, variable or history substitution. Also, any number in a row can be applied, as desired.

Operator
Meaning
:n nth word
:# Count the number of words
:^ Word number 1, counting from 0
:$ Last word
:% Word matched by a !?str? history search
:n-m nth through mth words
:-n 0 through nth words
:n- nth through next-to-last words
:n* nth through last word
:* 1 through last word
:q Single-quote each word
:s/str1/str2/ Substitute str2 for str1 and then reparse into words. Match failures are considered to be errors unless ignoreerrors == 2.
:S/str1/str2/ Substitute str2 for str1 but leave it as a single string. Also, failure to match is not considered an error.
:& Repeat last substitution
:g Global editing: as a prefix character to any of the other editing operators, it means apply the edit operation everywhere it matches, not just the first occurrence.
:x Treat each word as a string, break it up into words, then single-quote each word.
:p Print the substitution but don't execute the statement. (Ignored except in history substitutions.)



Pathname Editing on x\y\z.c


Pathname editing can be applied to any command, variable or history substitution. Also, any number of editing operations can be applied, one after the other, to a given substitution.

Operator
Name
Description
Result
:h head Directory containing x\y
:r root Path w/o .ext x\y\z
:t tail Simple filename z.c
:b base Filename w/o .ext z
:e ext .ext w/o the "." c
:f fullpath Fully-qualified name d:\bob\x\y\z.c
:m mixedpath Mixed-case pathname X\y\Z.c
:M fullmixedpath Mixed-case pathname d:\Bob\X\y\Z.c
Windows NT and Windows 95 only:
:A shortname Short 8.3 filename
:L longname Long filename

The shortname function depends on support from the filesystem. Long filenames read over the network from an HPFS partition do not have shortnames, for example.



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