NAME
pscoupe - Plot cross-sections of focal mechanisms.
SYNOPSIS
pscoupe files -Jparameters -Rwest/east/south/north
-Aparameters
[ -Btickinfo ] [ -Ffill ] [ -Gfill ] [ -H ] [ -K ] [ -Lpen ] [-M] [ -N
] [ -O ] [ -P ] [-S<symbol><scale>[/d]] [s<symbol><size>[/d]] [ -Tn ] [
-U[label] ] [ -V ] [ -Wpen ] [ -Xx-shift ] [ -Yy-shift ] [ -Z<cpt> ]
[-a<size> [P_symbol>[T_symbol]] [-gfill] [-efill] [-ppen] [-tpen] [ -:
] [ -#copies ]
DESCRIPTION
pscoupe reads data values from files [or standard input] and generates
PostScript code that will plot symbols, lines or polygons on a cross-
section. Focal mechanisms may be specified and require additional
columns of data. The PostScript code is written to standard output.
files list one or more file-names. If no files are given, pscoupe will
read standard input.
A new file is created with the new coordinates (x, y) and the
mechamism (from lower focal half-sphere for horizontal plane, to
half-sphere behind a vertical plane). When the plane is not
horizontal, - north direction becomes upwards steepest descent
direction of the plane (u) - east direction becomes strike direction
of the plane (s) - down direction (= north^east) becomes u^s
Axis angles are defined in the same way as in horizontal plane in the
new system.
Moment tensor (initially in r, t, f system that is up, south, east) is
defined in (-u^s, -u, s) system. A file is created with extracted
events.
-J Selects the map projection. Scale is user_unit/km, 1:xxxxx. or
width in user_unit (upper case modifier).
NON-GEOGRAPHICAL PROJECTIONS: -Jxx-scale[/fI/y-scale] x-scale must be
positive and y-scale negative to plot depth downwards.
-Rwest/east/south/north. South and north are <= 0.; If frame is
defined from cross-section parameters (see -A) this option is not
taken into account, but must be present.
-A selects the cross-section.
-Aalon1/lat1/lon2/lat2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon and lat are the longitude and latitude of points 1 and 2 limiting
the length ot the cross-section.
dip is the dip of the plane on which the cross-section is made.
p_width is the width of the cross-section on each side of a vertical
plane or above and under an oblic plane.
dmin and dmax are the distances min and max from horizontal plane,
along steepest descent direction.
Add f to get the frame from the cross-section parameters.
-Ablon1/lat1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
lon1 and lat1 are the longitude and latitude of the beginning of the
cross-section.
strike is the azimut of the direction of the cross-section.
p_length is the length along which the cross-section is made.
The other parameters are the same as for -Aa option.
-Acx1/y1/x2/y2/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Aa option with x and y cartesian coordinates.
-Adx1/y1/strike/p_length/dip/p_width/dmin/dmax[f]
The same as -Ab option with x and y cartesian coordinates.
-S selects the meaning of the columns in the data file and the figure
to be plotted.
-Sascale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms in Aki and Richard
convention.
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball", which
will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for
magnitude = 5. in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended to
indicate that the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or
point, respectively). Use the -T option to render the beach ball
transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the circumference.
The color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with
the -G option. The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip and rake
7: magnitude
8,9: not used; can be 0
10: text string to appear above
-Scscale. Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention.
scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the "beach ball",
which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size
for magnitude = 5 (that is M0 = 4E+23 dynes-cm.) in MEASURE_UNIT
(unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate that the size
information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point,
respectively). Use the -T option to render the beach ball
transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the
circumference. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants
can be specified with the -G option. The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6: strike, dip, and slip of
7,8,9: strike, dip, and slip of
10,11: mantissa and exponent of moment
12,13: not used; can be 0
14: text string to appear above
-Spscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Focal mechanisms given with
partial data on both planes. scale adjusts the scaling of the
radius of the "beach ball", which will be proportional to the
magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5. in MEASURE_UNIT
(unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate that the size
information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point,
respectively). The color or shade of the compressive quadrants
can be specified with the -G option. The color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-:
3: depth
4,5: strike, dip of plane 1
6: strike of plane 2
7: must be -1/+1 for a
8: magnitude
9,10: not used; can be 0
11: text string to appear above
-Smscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. Seismic moment tensor. scale ad
justs the scaling of the radius of the "beachball", which will be
proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude =
5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4E+23 dynes-cm.) in
MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate that
the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point,
respectively). (-T0 option overlays best double couple
transparently.) Put -Sdscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the
only double couple part of moment tensor. Put
-Szscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part of
moment tensor (zero trace). The color or shade of the
compressive quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The
color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9
mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf, mtf in 10*exponent dynes-cm
10 exponent
11,12
Not used; can be 0 0; it is to use the same file as for psmeca.
13 Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or under
(add u).
-Sxscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]. principal axis. scale adjusts
the scaling of the radius of the "beachball", which will be
proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude =
5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23 dynes-cm.) in
MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p is appended to indicate that
the size information is in units of cm, inch, meter, or point,
respectively). (-T0 option overlays best double couple
transparently.) Put -Syscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot the
only double couple part of moment tensor. Put
-Stscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] to plot anisotropic part of
moment tensor (zero trace). The color or shade of the
compressive quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The
color or shade
of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option.
Parameters are expected to be in the following columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
value (in 10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of T, N, P axis.
13 exponent
14,15
latitude,longitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in these
columns are necessary with the -C option. Using 0,0 in columns 9
and 10 will plot the beach ball at the latitude, longitude given
in columns 1 and 2. The -: option will interchange the order of
columns (1,2) and (9,10).
16 Text string to appear above the beach ball (optional).
-ssymbol[size[/fontsize[/offset[u]]] selects symbol instead of
mechanism.
Choose between the following : (c) circle, (d) diamond, (i)
itriangle, (s) square, (t) triangle, (x) cross. Parameters are
expected to be in the following columns
1,2 longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order)
3 depth of event in kilometers
4 Text string to appear above the beach ball (default) or under
(add u).
If size must be read, size must be in column 4 and Text string
starts in column 5.
scaleR is the symbol size in MEASURE_UNIT (unless c, i, m, or p
is appended to indicate that the size information is in units of
cm, inch, meter, or point, respectively).
OPTIONS
No space between the option flag and the associated arguments.
-B sets map boundary tickmark intervals. See psbasemap for
details.
-Efill Selects filling of extensive quadrants. Usually white.
Set the shade (0255) or color (r/g/b) [Default is 255/255/255].
-G selects filling of focal mechanisms. By convention, the
compressional quadrants are shaded. Set the shade (0-255) or
color (r/g/b) [Default is 0/0/0]. Optionally, specify
-Gpicon_size/pattern, where pattern gives the number of the image
pattern (1-32) OR the name of a icon-format file. icon_size sets
the unit size in inches. To invert black and white pixels, use
-GP instead of -Gp. See pspatterns for information on individual
patterns.
-H Input file(s) has n Header record(s). Number of header records
can be changed by editing your .gmtdefaults file. If used, GMT-
SYSTEM default is 1 header record.
-K Means more PostScript code will be appended later. [Default
terminates the plot system]
-L Draws the "beach ball" outline using current pen (see -W) or
sets pen attributes..
-M
Same size for any magnitude.
-N Does NOT skip symbols that fall outside map border [Default
plots points inside border only].
-O Selects Overlay plot mode. [Default initializes a new plot
system]
-P Selects Portrait plotting mode. [Default is Landscape]
-T[num_of_plane] Plots the nodal planes and outline the bubble
which is transparent.
default num_of_plane is 0 : both nodal planes are plotted;
num_of_plane equal 1 : the only first nodal plane is
plotted;
num_of_plane equal 2 : the only second nodal plane is
plotted;
-U Draws Unix System time stamp on plot. Append c to plot the
command line or a text string of your choice.
-V reports the name of the current file being plotted (Verbose
mode).
-W set pen attributes for text string or default pen attribute
for fault plane edges.
[Defaults: width = 1, color = 0/0/0, texture = solid].
-X -Y shifts origin of plot by (x-shift,y-shift) user_unit
[Default is (1,1) inch or (2.5,2.5) cm for new plots, (0,0) for
overlays].
-Zcptfile Give a color palette file and let compressive part
color be determined by the z-value in the third column.
-a[axis_symbol_size[P_axis_symbol[T_axis_symbol]]]
Computes and plots P and T axis. - axis_symbol_size in user unit
[default is 0.2 cm or 0.08 inches].
- default P and T axis symbols is 'c'
Choose between the following : (c) circle, (d) diamond, (h)
hexagon, (i) inverse triangle, (p)point, (s) square, (t)
triangle, (x) cross.
-efill Selects filling of T axis symbol. Set the shade (0255) or
color (r/g/b) [Default is color of extensive parts.
-gfill Selects filling of P axis symbol. Set the shade (0255) or
color (r/g/b) [Default is color of compressive parts.
-p[pen] Draws the P axis outline using current pen (see -W), or
sets pen attributes.
sp. -t[pen] Draws the T axis outline using current pen (see -W),
or sets pen attributes.
-: toggles between (longitude,latitude) and (latitude,longitude)
input/output. [Default is (longitude,latitude)]
-c specifies the number of plot copies. [Default is 1]
SEE ALSO
gmtsystem, psbasemap, psxy, psmeca
REFERENCES
Wessel P. and W.H.F. Smith, 1992, The GMT-SYSTEM.
Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 1980.
Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismolgy, Freeman, 1980.
F. A. Dahlen and Jeoren Trom, Theoretical Seismology, Princeton,
1998, p.167. Definition of scalar moment.
Cliff Frohlich, Cliff'Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal Lines for
P, Sh and Sv
Seismological Reasearch Letters, Volume 67, Number 1, January-
February, 1996
Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic
Press, 1995, p.384.
W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery,
Numerical Recipes in C, Cambridge University press (routine
jacobi)
AUTHOR
Genevieve Patau
CNRS UMR 7580
Seismology Dept.
Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris
(patau@ipgp.jussieu.fr)
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