Astronomy Picture of the Day

   [1]Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our
      fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation
                    written by a professional astronomer.

                              2022 December 11
    [2]The featured image shows Jupiter's moon Io which is bright yellow
    from sulfur and covered with volcanoes and volcanic floes. Please see
               the explanation for more detailed information.

                              Io in True Color
              Image Credit: [3]NASA, [4]JPL, [5]Galileo Project

   Explanation: The strangest moon in the [6]Solar System is bright
   yellow. The [7]featured picture, an attempt to show how Io would appear
   in the "true colors" perceptible to the average human eye, was taken in
   1999 July by the [8]Galileo spacecraft that orbited Jupiter from 1995
   to 2003. Io's colors derive from [9]sulfur and molten [10]silicate
   rock. The unusual [11]surface of Io is kept very young by its system of
   [12]active volcanoes. The intense [13]tidal gravity of [14]Jupiter
   stretches [15]Io and damps wobbles caused by Jupiter's other
   [16]Galilean moons. The resulting [17]friction greatly heats [18]Io's
   interior, causing [19]molten rock to explode through the surface.
   [20]Io's volcanoes are so active that they are effectively turning the
   whole moon inside out. Some of [21]Io's volcanic lava is so hot it
   [22]glows in the dark.

             Artemis 1 Coverage: [23]Orion return and splashdown
                Tomorrow's picture: interstellar dust monster
     __________________________________________________________________

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     __________________________________________________________________

    Authors & editors: [35]Robert Nemiroff ([36]MTU) & [37]Jerry Bonnell
                                 ([38]UMCP)
          NASA Official: Phillip Newman [39]Specific rights apply.
              [40]NASA Web Privacy Policy and Important Notices
                A service of: [41]ASD at [42]NASA / [43]GSFC,
                         [44]NASA Science Activation
                           & [45]Michigan Tech. U.

References

   1. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/archivepix.html
   2. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2212/iotruecolor_galileo_2796.jpg
   3. https://www.nasa.gov/
   4. https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/
   5. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/galileo/overview/
   6. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/solar-system/our-solar-system/in-depth/
   7. https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA02308
   8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)
   9. http://periodic.lanl.gov/16.shtml
  10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineral
  11. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/jupiter-moons/io/in-depth/#otp_surface
  12. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap960805.html
  13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_force
  14. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/jupiter/in-depth/
  15. https://youtu.be/GkfDnIQsEXs
  16. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap001118.html
  17. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friction
  18. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_%28moon%29
  19. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070918.html
  20. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdkOngxCqQo
  21. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070211.html
  22. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998Icar..135..181M/abstract
  23. https://www.nasa.gov/nasalive
  24. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap221210.html
  25. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/archivepix.html
  26. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/apsubmit2015.html
  27. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/aptree.html
  28. https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/apod/apod_search
  29. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/calendar/allyears.html
  30. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod.rss
  31. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/edlinks.html
  32. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html
  33. http://asterisk.apod.com/discuss_apod.php?date=221211
  34. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap221212.html
  35. http://www.phy.mtu.edu/faculty/Nemiroff.html
  36. http://www.phy.mtu.edu/
  37. https://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/jbonnell/www/bonnell.html
  38. http://www.astro.umd.edu/
  39. https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/lib/about_apod.html#srapply
  40. https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html
  41. https://astrophysics.gsfc.nasa.gov/
  42. https://www.nasa.gov/
  43. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/
  44. https://science.nasa.gov/learners
  45. http://www.mtu.edu/